Human activities have altered the state of the ocean, leading to warming, acidification and
deoxygenation. These changes impact ocean biogeochemistry and influence ecosystem …

Autonomous platforms already make observations over a wide range of temporal and spatial
scales, measuring salinity, temperature, nitrate, pressure, oxygen, biomass, and many other …

The air–sea interface is a key gateway in the Earth system. It is where the atmosphere sets
the ocean in motion, climate/weather-relevant air–sea processes occur, and pollutants (ie …

Ocean boundary current systems are key components of the climate system, are home to
highly productive ecosystems, and have numerous societal impacts. Establishment of a …

Ocean scientists have dreamed of and recently started to realize an ocean observing
revolution with autonomous observing platforms and sensors. Critical questions to be …

Observations from surface drifters and Argo floats elucidate details of two upper-ocean
pathways through which freshwater from the Bay of Bengal (BoB) is advected into the …

Abstract The Arabian Sea is prone to large-scale algal blooms during winter monsoon
annually. However, it is unclear why dinoflagellate, especially Noctiluca scintillans, replaced …

Where, when, and what to sample, and how to optimally reach the sampling locations, are
critical questions to be answered by autonomous and Lagrangian platforms and sensors …

We obtain, solve, and verify fundamental differential equations for energy–time path
planning in dynamic flows. The equations govern the energy–time reachable sets, optimal …

New information technologies are beneficial for ship operations in terms of safety and
utilisation of company resources. However, new cybercrime threats have emergedaffecting …