Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) stem cell culture systems have attracted considerable
attention as a way to better mimic the complex interactions between individual cells and the …

Genomics-based precision medicine has revolutionized oncology but also has inherent
limitations. Functional precision oncology is emerging as a complementary approach that …

Three-dimensional cell cultures using patient-derived stem cells are essential in vitro
models for a more efficient and individualized cancer therapy. Currently, culture conditions …

In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarkers, cell-
free therapeutic agents, and drug delivery carriers. Despite their great clinical potential, poor …

Cell aggregates, including sheets and spheroids, represent a simple yet powerful model
system to study both biochemical and biophysical intercellular interactions. However, it is …

Tissue organoids hold enormous potential as tools for a variety of applications, including
disease modeling and drug screening. To effectively mimic the native tissue environment, it …

Three-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroid models can recapitulate the human tumour
microenvironment with more accuracy than conventional cell culture models, as they include …

Three-dimensional (3D) cell agglomerates, such as microtissues, organoids, and spheroids,
become increasingly relevant in biomedicine. They can provide in vitro models that …

The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body with largest mass of glandular
tissue. Modeling the liver has been challenging due to its variety of major functions …

Developing in vitro models that recapitulate the in vivo organization of living cells in a 3D
microenvironment is one of the current challenges in the field of tissue engineering. In …