Currently, there is an increasing industrial demand for rare earth elements (REE) as these
elements are now integral to the manufacture of many carbon-neutral technologies. The …

Recovery of rare-earth elements (REEs) and radioactive elements have become an
important issue because they are precious materials for economic growth, environmental …

As a critical element, lithium plays an important role in a wide range of modern industries
and in particular, battery storage and new energy technologies. Lithium in coal has attracted …

Previous studies on modes of occurrence of Li, Ga, and Nb in coal are primarily based upon
statistical analyses due to the low concentrations of these elements and the lack of methods …

The world's majority predominantly relies on foreign sources for supplying critical minerals.
This renders the countries susceptible to supply chain disruption and urges them to develop …

Coalbed stimulation is a process of increasing coalbed methane (CBM) production by
opening, enlarging, and extending the length, width, and connectivity of pores and …

Altered volcanic ash with highly-elevated concentrations of Nb (Ta), Zr (Hf), Ga, and rare
earth elements and yttrium (REY) is an untraditional type of critical metal deposit that has …

Coal is a remarkably complex combination of macerals and minerals and inorganic
elements in organic associations plus liquids, gases, and semi-solid organics, all …

Prospecting for trace and rare earth elements will only increase in the coming decades as
the world expands into sustainable energy and the use of digital technology. A key …

With the current focus on critical elements and their potential recovery from coal and coal-
related sources, such as coal refuse, coal-fired power plant ash, overburden, underclays …