Considering sex as a biological variable will require a global shift in science culture

RM Shansky, AZ Murphy - Nature neuroscience, 2021 - nature.com
For over half a century, male rodents have been the default model organism in preclinical
neuroscience research, a convention that has likely contributed to higher rates of …

Using mice to model Alzheimer's dementia: an overview of the clinical disease and the preclinical behavioral changes in 10 mouse models

SJ Webster, AD Bachstetter, PT Nelson… - Frontiers in …, 2014 - frontiersin.org
The goal of this review is to discuss how behavioral tests in mice relate to the pathological
and neuropsychological features seen in human Alzheimer's disease (AD), and present a …

A shift in the mechanisms controlling hippocampal engram formation during brain maturation

AI Ramsaran, Y Wang, A Golbabaei, S Aleshin… - Science, 2023 - science.org
The ability to form precise, episodic memories develops with age, with young children only
able to form gist-like memories that lack precision. The cellular and molecular events in the …

The neuroscience of emotion: A new synthesis

R Adolphs, DJ Anderson - 2018 - torrossa.com
Emotions are one of the most apparent and important aspects of our lives, yet have
remained one of the most enigmatic to explain scienti cally. On the one hand, nothing seems …

A competitive inhibitory circuit for selection of active and passive fear responses

JP Fadok, S Krabbe, M Markovic, J Courtin, C Xu… - Nature, 2017 - nature.com
When faced with threat, the survival of an organism is contingent upon the selection of
appropriate active or passive behavioural responses,,. Freezing is an evolutionarily …

Sexually divergent expression of active and passive conditioned fear responses in rats

TM Gruene, K Flick, A Stefano, SD Shea, RM Shansky - Elife, 2015 - elifesciences.org
Traditional rodent models of Pavlovian fear conditioning assess the strength of learning by
quantifying freezing responses. However, sole reliance on this measure includes the de …

[HTML][HTML] The neuropeptide Tac2 controls a distributed brain state induced by chronic social isolation stress

M Zelikowsky, M Hui, T Karigo, A Choe, B Yang… - Cell, 2018 - cell.com
Chronic social isolation causes severe psychological effects in humans, but their neural
bases remain poorly understood. 2 weeks (but not 24 hr) of social isolation stress (SIS) …

[HTML][HTML] Animal models of anxiety disorders and stress

AC Campos, MV Fogaça, DC Aguiar… - Brazilian Journal of …, 2013 - SciELO Brasil
Anxiety and stress-related disorders are severe psychiatric conditions that affect
performance in daily tasks and represent a high cost to public health. The initial observation …

Neuronal dynamics regulating brain and behavioral state transitions

AS Andalman, VM Burns, M Lovett-Barron, M Broxton… - Cell, 2019 - cell.com
Prolonged behavioral challenges can cause animals to switch from active to passive coping
strategies to manage effort-expenditure during stress; such normally adaptive behavioral …

Differential contribution of amygdala and hippocampus to cued and contextual fear conditioning.

RG Phillips, JE LeDoux - Behavioral neuroscience, 1992 - psycnet.apa.org
The contribution of the amygdala and hippocampus to the acquisition of conditioned fear
responses to a cue (a tone paired with footshock) and to context (background stimuli …