Summary...... 1277 1.3. 4. Comparison With Percutaneous Techniques...... 1277 1.3. 4.1.
Overview of Randomized Trials...... 1278 1.3. 4.2. Results of Randomized Trials...... 1280 1.3 …

During the mid-1990s cardiac surgery started exploring minimally invasive methods for
coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and has over a 25-year period developed highly …

Background The recent recognition that coronary-artery stenting has improved the short-and
long-term outcomes of patients treated with angioplasty has made it necessary to reevaluate …

Background. Hemostasis is preserved after off-pump coronary operations compared with
conventional coronary procedures. However, this preserved hemostasis may result in a …

Several reports have been published recently detailing less invasive techniques for
cardiothoracic surgical procedures designed to limit surgical trauma while decreasing costs] …

BACKGROUND: Graft patency and clinical freedom from graft failure remains a subject of
investigation in beating-heart totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass. METHODS: A total …

Objective: Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) through the
anterolateral minithoracotomy has become a promising therapeutic option in patients with …

Over the past two decades, minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has gained a
significant place due to the emergence of innovative tools and improvements in surgical …

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous revascularization is a well-accepted method of treatment for
a single left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) stenosis. With the introduction of …

Background. Reoperative (redo) coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with
cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump) is associated with a higher morbidity and mortality than …