Freeze for action: neurobiological mechanisms in animal and human freezing
K Roelofs - … Transactions of the Royal Society B …, 2017 - royalsocietypublishing.org
Upon increasing levels of threat, animals activate qualitatively different defensive modes,
including freezing and active fight-or-flight reactions. Whereas freezing is a form of …
including freezing and active fight-or-flight reactions. Whereas freezing is a form of …
[HTML][HTML] Fear of the unknown: One fear to rule them all?
RN Carleton - Journal of anxiety disorders, 2016 - Elsevier
The current review and synthesis was designed to provocatively develop and evaluate the
proposition that “fear of the unknown may be a, or possibly the, fundamental fear”(Carleton …
proposition that “fear of the unknown may be a, or possibly the, fundamental fear”(Carleton …
Attenuation of antidepressant effects of ketamine by opioid receptor antagonism
Objective: In addition to N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonism, ketamine produces
opioid system activation. The objective of this study was to determine whether opioid …
opioid system activation. The objective of this study was to determine whether opioid …
[HTML][HTML] Fear and the defense cascade: clinical implications and management
K Kozlowska, P Walker, L McLean… - Harvard review of …, 2015 - journals.lww.com
Evolution has endowed all humans with a continuum of innate, hard-wired, automatically
activated defense behaviors, termed the defense cascade. Arousal is the first step in …
activated defense behaviors, termed the defense cascade. Arousal is the first step in …
[HTML][HTML] The impact of anxiety upon cognition: perspectives from human threat of shock studies
Anxiety disorders constitute a sizeable worldwide health burden with profound social and
economic consequences. The symptoms are wide-ranging; from hyperarousal to difficulties …
economic consequences. The symptoms are wide-ranging; from hyperarousal to difficulties …
Opioid receptors: distinct roles in mood disorders
PE Lutz, BL Kieffer - Trends in neurosciences, 2013 - cell.com
The roles of opioid receptors in pain and addiction have been extensively studied, but their
function in mood disorders has received less attention. Accumulating evidence from animal …
function in mood disorders has received less attention. Accumulating evidence from animal …
Autism-like behaviours and germline transmission in transgenic monkeys overexpressing MeCP2
Z Liu, X Li, JT Zhang, YJ Cai, TL Cheng, C Cheng… - Nature, 2016 - nature.com
Abstract Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) has crucial roles in transcriptional
regulation and microRNA processing,,,. Mutations in the MECP2 gene are found in 90% of …
regulation and microRNA processing,,,. Mutations in the MECP2 gene are found in 90% of …
Dissociation following traumatic stress
We postulate that the cascade “Freeze-Flight-Fight-Fright-Flag-Faint” is a coherent
sequence of six fear responses that escalate as a function of defense possibilities and …
sequence of six fear responses that escalate as a function of defense possibilities and …
Emotion, plasticity, context, and regulation: perspectives from affective neuroscience.
The authors present an overview of the neural bases of emotion. They underscore the role of
the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala in 2 broad approach-and withdrawal-related …
the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala in 2 broad approach-and withdrawal-related …
Extending the amygdala in theories of threat processing
The central extended amygdala is an evolutionarily conserved set of interconnected brain
regions that play an important role in threat processing to promote survival. Two core …
regions that play an important role in threat processing to promote survival. Two core …