This test review aims to provide a critical evaluation of the English Language Proficiency
Assessment for the 21st Century (ELPA 21), a large-scale, standards-based English …

Teacher cognition has attracted increased attention among second language (L2)
researchers and practitioners, likely because of its potential consequences for classroom …

The increase in non-native English (NNE) instructors involved in English-medium instruction
(EMI) in higher education has led to growing concerns about the evaluation of lecturers' …

If extraneous information leads listeners to biased judgements, then their speech
perceptions are likely to manifest distortion in that direction. This phenomenon is known as …

Scholars have argued for the inclusion of different spoken varieties of English in high-stakes
listening tests to better represent the global use of English. However, doing so may …

It is general practice to use rater judgments in speaking proficiency testing. However, it has
been shown that raters' knowledge and experience may influence their ratings, both in terms …

Evaluating candidates' answers in speaking skill is difficult and rarely explored. This task is
challenging and can bring inconsistency in the rating quality among raters, especially in …

The project aimed to examine the effect of raters' familiarity with accents on their judgments
of non-native speech. Participants included three groups of raters who were either from …

Using videotaped interviews of beginner, intermediate, and native English speakers, we
examined whether observers' perceptions of linguistic measures of accentedness, temporal …

This book offers new insights into the language gains of adult learners enrolled in an
English-medium instruction (EMI) degree programme. It provides longitudinal empirical …