Kimberlites are volcanic rocks enriched in CO2 and H2O and derive from the deepest-
sourced melts (up to 300 km) that reach Earth's surface. The mantle processes that generate …

The concentration and distribution of water in the Earth has influenced its evolution
throughout its history. Even at the trace levels contained in the planet's deep interior (mantle …

The minerals constituting the Earth's upper mantle are nominally anhydrous silicates
(NAMs). However they do contain hydrogen as a trace element, decorating point defects in …

Cratons, the ancient cores of continents, contain the oldest crust and mantle on the Earth (>
2 Gyr old). They extend laterally for hundreds of kilometres, and are underlain to depths of …

Kimberlite magmas are of economic and scientific importance because they represent the
major host to diamonds and are probably the deepest magmas from continental regions. In …

Olivine, pyroxene and garnet are nominally anhydrous but can accommodate tens to
hundreds of parts per million (ppm) H2O or “water” in the form of protons incorporated in …

Understanding the concentration and distribution of water in the Earth's mantle plays a
substantial role in studying its chemical, physical and dynamic processes. After a decade of …

Two types of olivine occur in kimberlites from Greenland, Canada and southern Africa. The
first, xenocrystic olivine, displays several different forms. Most distinctive are 'nodules', a term …

We measured Ni partitioning between olivine and melt,, in experiments on mid-ocean ridge
basalt (MORB) encapsulated in olivine at pressures from 1 atm to 3· 0 GPa and …

The processes that control water distribution in nominally anhydrous minerals from
peridotites are twofold. Melt depletion will remove water while metasomatism can potentially …