Orthodox international relations theory considers foreign affairs to be the exclusive purview
of national governments. Yet as Rodrigo Tavares demonstrates, the vast majority of leading …

This book examines and systematises the theoretical dimensions of paradiplomacy-the role
of subnational governments in international relations. Throughout the world, subnational …

" State Transformation and Chinese Foreign Policy If we want to understand China's
international behaviour, we have to open the black box... State authority is fragmenting …

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the study of international diplomacy,
covering both theory and practice. This second edition has been revised and updated, with …

Today, cross-border cooperation promoted by Euroregions all over the European Union is a
consolidating reality. The article focuses on Euroregions as formal organizations in the field …

Multilevel climate governance (MCG) makes room for multiple non-state actors, including
subnational governments, to engage actively in international activities that are …

There is growing evidence of the transformation of statehood under globalization,
specifically, the fragmentation, decentralization and internationalization of state …

Studies on international relations increasingly focus on actors at the sub-state level. The
terms para-diplomacy or proto-diplomacy are used to describe international activities of state …

In a phenomenon known as paradiplomacy, cities are playing an increasingly important role
in international relations. Through paradiplomacy, cities are co-operating internationally with …

Paradiplomacy is the practice of international relations carried out by sub-state actors in a
country. Along with the development of international relations practices, sub-state actors …