Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification,
chromatin remodeling, and microRNA expression, play critical roles in cell differentiation …

The brain is the central organ involved in perceiving and adapting to social and physical
stressors via multiple interacting mediators, from the cell surface to the cytoskeleton to …

An estimated 50% of depressed patients are inadequately treated by available interventions.
Even with an eventual recovery, many patients require a trial and error approach, as there …

Retrotransposons have generated about 40% of the human genome. This review examines
the strategies the cell has evolved to coexist with these genomic “parasites”, focussing on …

Fetal development is a critical period for shaping the lifelong health of an individual.
However, the fetus is susceptible to internal and external stimuli that can lead to adverse …

Biological embedding occurs when life experience alters biological processes to affect later
life health and well-being. Although extensive correlative data exist supporting the notion …

As the central organ of stress and adaptation to stressors, the brain plays a pivotal role in
behavioral and physiological responses that may lead to successful adaptation or to …

Long-lasting memories require specific gene expression programmes that are, in part,
orchestrated by epigenetic mechanisms. Of the epigenetic modifications identified in …

Psychiatric disorders are complex multifactorial illnesses involving chronic alterations in
neural circuit structure and function as well as likely abnormalities in glial cells. While …

Bruce McEwen's discovery of receptors for corticosterone in the rat hippocampus introduced
higher brain circuits in the neuroendocrinology of stress. Subsequently, these receptors …