Annually, millions of Muslims embark on a religious pilgrimage called the" Hajj" to Mecca in
Saudi Arabia. The mass migration during the Hajj is unparalleled in scale, and pilgrims face …

Background Pyrazinamide (PZA) is crucial for tuberculosis (TB) treatment, given its unique
ability to eradicate persister bacilli. The worldwide burden of PZA resistance remains poorly …

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia occupies four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula, with a land area
of 2 million square kilometres. Saudi Arabia holds a unique position in the Islamic world, as …

The real magnitude of antituberculosis (anti-TB) drug resistance in Saudi Arabia is still
unknown because the available data are based on retrospective laboratory studies that …

Abstract Background The Hajj is the largest annual mass gathering event in the world, thus
favoring the transmission of various infections: 183 different nationalities, high temperatures …

Studies from developed countries have reported that extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is
on the rise due to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. However, similar …

Saudi Arabia is the third-largest Arab country with a moderate annual burden of
tuberculosis. However, tuberculosis (TB) is among several infectious diseases that have not …

Recent studies have shown that there is an increase in the incidence of mycobacterium
tuberculosis (MBT). This is more prevalent among immune compromised patients (those on …

Infectious diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality globally.
Epidemiologically, differences in the patterns of infectious diseases and antimicrobial …

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Amhara region, Ethiopia
where the TB case detection rate is low (22%). This situation has been worsened by the …