Vitamin A is an essential nutrient required throughout life. Through its various metabolites,
vitamin A sustains fetal development, immunity, vision, and the maintenance, regulation, and …

This is an overview of the metabolic reactions of drugs, natural products, physiological
compounds, and other (general) chemicals catalyzed by flavin monooxygenase (FMO) …

The cannabinoids cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) undergo
extensive oxidative metabolism in the liver. Although cytochromes P450 form the primary …

Molybdenum is an essential trace element for human health and survival, with molybdenum-
containing enzymes catalysing multiple reactions in the metabolism of purines, aldehydes …

Abstract p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (HD), the main active component of Nostoc commune, has
been shown to attenuate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis …

Liver fibrosis can occur in many chronic liver diseases, and no effective treatments are
available due to the poorly characterized molecular pathogenesis. Semaphorin 4D …

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most widely used anticancer drugs for various
malignancies. However, its long-term use leads to ALDH1A1-mediated inactivation and …

Vitamin A (retinol) is an essential, fat-soluble vitamin that plays critical roles in embryonic
development, vision, immunity, and reproduction. Severe vitamin A deficiency results in …

Alveolar bone loss resulting from periodontal disease ultimately leads to tooth loss.
Periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (PDLMSCs) are the tissue-specific cells …

Resistant starches (RS) are fermented in the cecum and colon to produce short-chain fatty
acids and other microbial metabolites that can alter host physiology and the composition of …