Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies with features of
biliary tract differentiation. CCA is the second most common primary liver tumour and the …

Liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, causing more than
700,000 deaths annually. Because of the wide landscape of genomic alterations and limited …

The chemokine receptor CXCR2 and its ligands are implicated in the progression of tumours
and various inflammatory diseases. Activation of the CXCLs/CXCR2 axis activates multiple …

Sustained hepatic inflammation is an important factor in progression of chronic liver
diseases, including hepatitis C or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Liver inflammation is …

Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in blood and are considered to be the first line
of defense during inflammation and infections. In addition, neutrophils are also found …

The components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in solid tumors, especially
chemokines, are currently attracting much attention from scientists. C‐X‐C motif chemokine …

Background & Aims While cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) commonly express programmed
cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), they respond poorly to immune checkpoint …

Accumulating evidence indicates a critical role of myeloid cells in the pathophysiology of
human cancers. In contrast to the well-characterized tumor-associated macrophages …

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies with features of
biliary tract differentiation. CCA is the second most common primary liver tumour and the …

Background & Aims Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a cancer of the hepatic bile ducts that is
rarely resectable and is associated with poor prognosis. Tumour necrosis factor-like weak …