The tumor microenvironment is proposed to contribute substantially to the progression of
cancers, including breast cancer. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most …

There is much cellular heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment. The tumor epithelia
and stromal cells co-evolve, and this reciprocal relationship dictates almost every step of …

Simple Summary Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important contributory role in
the microenvironment of tumors. They originate from different cells, have multiple pro-and …

Compelling evidence show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are finely regulated in
the cell and can act as “second messengers” in response to diverse stimuli. In tumor …

Prognostication is an integral part of cancer diagnostic and helps oncologists to guide
treatment decisions and therapy intensity. Accumulating evidence suggest that the stroma …

Cancerous tissue is a complex mix of tumor cells, stromal cells and extracellular matrix
(ECM), all of which make up a disordered and aggressive niche in comparison with …

Cancers are heterogeneous tissues comprised of multiple components, including tumor
cells and microenvironment cells. The tumor microenvironment has a critical role in tumor …

Podoplanin is a small membrane glycoprotein with a large number of O-glycoside chains
and therefore it belongs to mucin-type proteins. It can be found on the surface of many types …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) composition greatly influences cancer progression, leading
to differential invasion, migration, and metastatic potential. In breast cancer, ECM …

Tumor microenvironment represents the site where the tumor tries to survive and escape
from immune system-mediated recognition. Indeed, to proliferate tumor cells can divert the …