Skin sensitization is a toxicity endpoint of widespread concern, for which the mechanistic
understanding and concurrent necessity for non-animal testing approaches have evolved to …

Abstract Cosmetics Europe, the European Trade Association for the cosmetics and personal
care industry, is conducting a multi-phase program to develop regulatory accepted, animal …

The SENS-IS test protocol for the in vitro detection of sensitizers is based on a reconstructed
human skin model (Episkin) as the test system and on the analysis of the expression of a …

Sensitization, the prerequisite event in the development of allergic contact dermatitis, is a
key parameter in both hazard and risk assessments. The pathways involved have recently …

Abstract The U-SENS™ assay, formerly known as MUSST (Myeloid U937 Skin Sensitization
Test), is an in vitro method to assess skin sensitization. Dendritic cell activation following …

Integrated testing strategies (ITS), as opposed to single definitive tests or fixed batteries of
tests, are expected to efficiently combine different information sources in a quantifiable …

The need for non-animal data to assess skin sensitisation properties of substances,
especially cosmetics ingredients, has spawned the development of many in vitro methods …

Allergic contact dermatitis can develop following repeated exposure to allergenic
substances. To date, hazard identification is still based on animal studies as non-animal …

To develop a testing strategy incorporating the human cell line activation test (h‐CLAT),
direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA) and DEREK, we created an expanded data set of 139 …

Certain chemicals and/or their byproducts are photoactivated by UV/VIS and trigger a
dermal allergenic response, clinically recognized as photoallergic contact dermatitis …