Highlights•Most multidriver temperature× CO 2 phytoplankton experiments use only two
levels of each driver.•Current studies cannot produce interaction surfaces for CO 2 and …

Ocean acidification (OA) is a serious consequence of climate change with complex
organism-to-ecosystem effects that have been observed through field observations but are …

'Multiple drivers'(also termed 'multiple stressors') is the term used to describe the cumulative
effects of multiple environmental factors on organisms or ecosystems. Here, we consider …

Mesocosm experiments have been fundamental to investigate the effects of elevated CO2
and ocean acidification (OA) on planktic communities. However, few of these experiments …

Rising carbon dioxide (CO 2) concentrations in the atmosphere result in increasing global
temperatures and ocean warming (OW). Concomitantly, dissolution of anthropogenic CO 2 …

The elemental composition of marine microorganisms (their C: N: P ratio, or stoichiometry) is
central to understanding the biotic and biogeochemical processes underlying key marine …

Coccolithophores are unicellular calcifying eukaryotes with a complex life‐cycle; they are
important primary producers, and major drivers of global biogeochemical cycles. The …

Coccolithophores are a calcifying unicellular phytoplankton group that are at the base of the
marine food web, and their lipid content provides a source of energy to consumers …

Responses of marine primary production to a changing climate are determined by a concert
of multiple environmental changes, for example in temperature, light, pCO2, nutrients, and …

Global warming is expected to cause decreases in nutrient availability, photosynthesis, and
potentially carbon export in the ocean. But how, and by what molecular mechanisms …