The saline wastewater from various sources including agriculture and industrial activities,
appears to have high salt concentration, organic content and other pollutants which can …

Growing water demands have led to rapidly increasing desalination installation capacity
worldwide. In an attempt to lower carbon footprint resulting from high-energy consuming …

Seawater desalination by utilizing a membrane-based technology is a crucial step to
overcome the freshwater shortage in some regions of the world. However, the durability and …

Membrane distillation (MD) technology has been mainly used as a treatment method for
saline or contaminated wastewater. Despite the rapid progress in material engineering and …

Water and energy are critical components for human, and govern the growth and progress of
societies. Desalination is an important process to meet ever-increasing water demand …

Membrane distillation (MD) lags behind other desalination processes such as reverse
osmosis due to relatively high energy consumption. Heating in membrane distillation forms a …

Membrane distillation (MD) is an alternative membrane technology that offers the capacity to
treat highly saline water including industrial wastewater, seawater, brine water from other …

Water desalination has become one of the viable solutions for water shortages in regions
with limited natural resources. In the last two decades, more attention has been paid to …

The limited clean water resource has urged the need to extract fresh water from non-
conventional sources. Produced water (PW) is a potential source of fresh water, particularly …

The emergence of nano innovations in membrane distillation (MD) has garnered increasing
scientific interest. This enables the exploration of state‐of‐the‐art nano‐enabled MD …