Abstract Purpose of Review This review will outline the multilevel effects of biological sex on
HIV acquisition, pathogenesis, treatment response, and prospects for cure. Potential …

SUMMARY HIV-1 DNA persists in infected cells despite combined antiretroviral therapy
(cART), forming viral reservoirs. Recent trials of strategies targeting latent HIV reservoirs …

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) allows suppressed viremia to reach less than 50 copies/mL in
most treated persons living with HIV (PLWH). However, the existence of PLWH that show …

Plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels in women are lower early
in untreated HIV-1 infection compared with those in men, but women have higher T-cell …

Background Sex differences in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir dynamics
remain underexplored. Methods Longitudinal samples from virally suppressed midlife …

Advances in nanobiotechnology have allowed the utilization of nanotechnology through
nanovaccines. Nanovaccines are powerful tools for enhancing the immunogenicity of a …

Background: As a first step towards HIV cure, we assessed a strategy of antiretroviral
therapy (ART) intensification followed by interleukin-7 (IL-7) used as an HIV-reactivating …

ABSTRACT HIV reservoirs persist in anatomic compartments despite antiretroviral therapy
(ART). Characterizing archival HIV DNA in the central nervous system (CNS) and other …

HIV-1 infection remains incurable owing to the persistence of a viral reservoir that harbors
integrated provirus within host cellular DNA. Increasing evidence links sex-based …

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce type I interferon (IFN-I) during HIV-1 infection in
response to TLR7 stimulation. However, IFN-I-signaling has been shown to play opposite …