Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells within the synovial joints, and also the
main innate immune effector cells triggering the initial inflammatory responses in the …

Macrophages are influential members of the innate immune system that can be reversibly
polarized by different microenvironment signals. Cell polarization leads to a wide range of …

Periodontitis (PD) is a common chronic infectious disease. The local inflammatory response
in the host may cause the destruction of supporting periodontal tissue. Macrophages play a …

Exosomes are nanovesicles with a wide range of chemical compositions used in many
different applications. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCs-EXOs) are …

Acute myocardial infarction has long been the leading cause of death in coronary heart
disease, which is characterized by irreversible cardiomyocyte death and restricted blood …

Sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction is a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units.
However, the molecular mechanisms underlying septic cardiomyopathy remain elusive …

Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is a common condition
with high mortality. ALI/ARDS is caused by multiple etiologies, and the main clinical …

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease initiated by dysbiosis of the local microbial
community. Periodontitis can result in destruction of tooth-supporting tissue; however …

Tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal disorder which results in chronic pain and
reduced performance. The therapeutic effect of stem cell derived-small extracellular vesicles …

Early and prompt reperfusion therapy has markedly improved the survival rates among
patients enduring myocardial infarction (MI). Nonetheless, the resulting adverse remodeling …