Plant cells are surrounded by cell walls, which are dynamic structures displaying a strictly
regulated balance between rigidity and flexibility. Walls are fairly rigid to provide support and …

Rhizobial bacteria enter a symbiotic association with leguminous plants, resulting in
differentiated bacteria enclosed in intracellular compartments called symbiosomes within …

Plant cells encase themselves within a complex polysaccharide wall, which constitutes the
raw material that is used to manufacture textiles, paper, lumber, films, thickeners and other …

The polysaccharide xyloglucan is thought to play an important structural role in the primary
cell wall of dicotyledons. Accordingly, there is considerable interest in understanding the …

Trichomes and root hairs differentiate from epidermal cells in the aerial tissues and roots,
respectively. Because trichomes and root hairs are easily accessible, particularly in the …

Numerous examples have been presented of enzyme activities, assayed in vitro, that appear
relevant to the synthesis of structural polysaccharides, and to their assembly and …

Ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that most likely became a functional hormone during
the evolution of charophyte green algae, prior to land colonization. From this ancient origin …

Cellular expansive growth is one of the foundations of morphogenesis. In plant and fungal
cells, expansive growth is ultimately determined by manipulating the mechanics of the cell …

The plant cell-wall matrix is equipped with more than 20 glycosylhydrolase activities,
including both glycosidases and glycanases (exo-and endo-hydrolases, respectively), which …

Root hairs tie the root system to the soil substrate, facilitate water and nutrient absorption,
and enable the interaction with microbes in the soil. Root hair development can be classified …