Abrogation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein folding triggered by exogenous or
endogenous factors, stimulates a cellular stress response, termed ER stress. ER stress re …

The theory of cancer stem cells (CSCs) proposes that the different cells within a tumor, as
well as metastasis deriving from it, are originated from a single subpopulation of cells with …

Proteasome inhibitors are used as research tools and to treat multiple myeloma, and
proteasome activity is diminished in several neurodegenerative diseases. We therefore …

The collection of proteins secreted from a cell—the secretome—is of particular interest in
cancer pathophysiology due to its diagnostic potential and role in tumorigenesis. However …

Colon cancer is characterized by its fast progression and poor prognosis, and novel agents
of treating colon cancer are urgently needed. WZ35, a synthetic curcumin derivative, has …

The multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype accounts for the poor response of
cholangiocarcinoma to available antitumor drugs. This is an important limitation to the use of …

Autophagy plays a crucial role in cancer cell survival and the inhibition of autophagy is
attracting attention as an emerging strategy for the treatment of cancer. Chloroquine (CQ) is …

The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is a new targeted treatment option for refractory or
relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. However, a limited efficacy of …

KSHV and EBV are gammaherpesviruses strictly linked to human cancers. Even if the
majority of cancer cells harbor a latent infection, the few cells that undergo viral replication …

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a unique liver cancer subtype with an increasing incidence
globally. The lack of specific symptoms and definite diagnostic markers results in a delayed …