Background GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) with exenatide bid first approved to treat
type 2 diabetes in 2005 have been further developed to yield effective compounds …

Background The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a multifaceted hormone with broad
pharmacological potential. Among the numerous metabolic effects of GLP-1 are the glucose …

The recent epidemics of metabolic diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), liver lipid
disorders and metabolic syndrome have largely been attributed to genetic background and …

The pancreas is made from two distinct components: the exocrine pancreas, a reservoir of
digestive enzymes, and the endocrine islets, the source of the vital metabolic hormone …

Stem-cell-based therapies can potentially reverse organ dysfunction and diseases, but the
removal of impaired tissue and activation of a program leading to organ regeneration pose …

Background: All living organisms are made of individual and identifiable cells, whose
number, together with their size and type, ultimately defines the structure and functions of an …

OBJECTIVE: This article examines the foundation of β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes (T2D)
and suggests areas for future research on the underlying mechanisms that may lead to …

Beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are inherently complex with their interrelation for
triggering the pathogenesis of diabetes also somewhat undefined. Both pathogenic states …

Mice remain the most studied animal model in pancreas research. Since the findings of this
research are typically extrapolated to humans, it is important to understand both similarities …

Descriptions of insulitis in human islets throughout the natural history of type 1 diabetes are
limited. We determined insulitis frequency (the percent of islets displaying insulitis to total …