The relationship between morphometrics and phylogenetic analysis has long been
controversial. Here we propose an approach that is based on mapping morphometric traits …

Morphological integration and modularity have become central concepts in evolutionary
biology and geometric morphometrics. This review summarizes the most frequently used …

The phenotype is a product of its phylogenetic history and its recent adaptation to local
environments, but the relative importance of the two factors is controversial. We assessed …

A model based upon mechanics is used in a re-analysis of historical acarine morphological
work augmented by an extra seven zoophagous mesostigmatid species. This review shows …

Geometric morphometric studies are increasingly becoming common in systematics and
palaeontology. The samples in such studies are often small, due to the paucity of material …

Background Sexual dimorphism of body size has been the subject of numerous studies, but
few have examined sexual shape dimorphism (SShD) and its evolution. Allometry, the …

Insights into morphological diversification can be obtained from the ways the species of a
clade occupy morphospace. Projecting a phylogeny into morphospace provides estimates of …

Form and genes often tell different stories about the evolution of animals, with molecular
data generally considered to be more objective than morphological data. However, form …

The rodent mandible has become a paradigm for studies on the development and evolution
of complex morphological structures. We use a combination of geometric and multivariate …

Morphometrics, the study of the variation and change in form amongst organisms, serves as
a basic methodological tool in various fields of biological research, including systematics …