Delays in achieving projects' objectives according to the planned schedule are considered
one of the main sources of conflicts in Iran's construction industry. A precise and structured …

Currently, several façade systems exist to enable sustainable building design. The biggest
challenges for façade designers are to identify new technology and effective, sustainable …

Industry 4.0 promotes the transformation of manufacturing industry to intelligence, which
demands advances in materials, devices, and systems of the construction industry …

Early design decisions have a considerable influence on energy use and occupants' comfort
in buildings. Balancing these two design aspects is extremely important in educational …

Abstract “Framework” and “case-study” are the two most prominent features in the
optimization of architectural building design. The first can improve the speed of the process …

For the optimization of envelope characteristics also the shape of the building, an
optimization–simulation technique is applied in this paper. To obtain the best values of all …

The rapid development of rural tourism in north China is leading to the extensive growth of
rural tourism buildings (RTBs), but the requirements for a comfortable indoor environment …

Building form parameters, including building orientation, exterior shape, and interior space,
interactively influence building performance. Nevertheless, few studies have reasonably …

Nowadays, the building industry tends to produce energy-efficient buildings, which account
for a greater percentage of embodied energy over their life cycle. Life cycle assessment …

Energy consumption in educational spaces, as one of the main consumers of fossil fuels,
has been a challenging issue in recent years. The present study seeks to develop a multi …