The transition from adolescence to adulthood is characterized by improvements in higher-
order cognitive abilities and corresponding refinements of the structure and function of the …

This paper offers an active inference account of choice behaviour and learning. It focuses on
the distinction between goal-directed and habitual behaviour and how they contextualise …

This article describes a process theory based on active inference and belief propagation.
Starting from the premise that all neuronal processing (and action selection) can be …

The positive-negative axis of emotional valence has long been recognized as fundamental
to adaptive behavior, but its origin and underlying function have largely eluded formal …

We offer a formal treatment of choice behavior based on the premise that agents minimize
the expected free energy of future outcomes. Crucially, the negative free energy or quality of …

Midbrain dopamine signals are widely thought to report reward prediction errors that drive
learning in the basal ganglia. However, dopamine has also been implicated in various …

Dopamine cell firing can encode errors in reward prediction, providing a learning signal to
guide future behavior. Yet dopamine is also a key modulator of motivation, invigorating …

In this review, we provide a brief overview over the current knowledge about the role of
dopamine transmission in the prefrontal cortex during learning and memory. We discuss …

Involvement of dopamine in regulating exploration during decision-making has long been
hypothesized, but direct causal evidence in humans is still lacking. Here, we use a …

Delusions are, by popular definition, false beliefs that are held with certainty and resistant to
contradictory evidence. They seem at odds with the notion that the brain at least …