Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: Advances in understanding and refinements to methodology

WC Oliver, GM Pharr - Journal of materials research, 2004 - cambridge.org
The method we introduced in 1992 for measuring hardness and elastic modulus by
instrumented indentation techniques has widely been adopted and used in the …

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

HJ Butt, B Cappella, M Kappl - Surface science reports, 2005 - Elsevier
The atomic force microscope (AFM) is not only a tool to image the topography of solid
surfaces at high resolution. It can also be used to measure force-versus-distance curves …

An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments

WC Oliver, GM Pharr - Journal of materials research, 1992 - cambridge.org
The indentation load-displacement behavior of six materials tested with a Berkovich indenter
has been carefully documented to establish an improved method for determining hardness …

Dynamic atomic force microscopy methods

R Garcıa, R Perez - Surface science reports, 2002 - Elsevier
In this report we review the fundamentals, applications and future tendencies of dynamic
atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. Our focus is on understanding why the changes …

[图书][B] Introduction to Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Third Edition

CJ Chen - 2021 - books.google.com
The scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) was invented by Binnig and Rohrer and
received a Nobel Prize of Physics in 1986. Together with the atomic force microscope (AFM) …

Measurement of thin film mechanical properties using nanoindentation

GM Pharr, WC Oliver - Mrs Bulletin, 1992 - cambridge.org
One of the simplest ways to measure the mechanical properties of a thin film is to deform it
on a very small scale. Because indentation testing with a sharp indenter is one convenient …

Adhesion forces between individual ligand-receptor pairs

EL Florin, VT Moy, HE Gaub - Science, 1994 - science.org
The adhesion force between the tip of an atomic force microscope cantilever derivatized with
avidin and agarose beads functionalized with biotin, desthiobiotin, or iminobiotin was …

Nanotribology: friction, wear and lubrication at the atomic scale

B Bhushan, JN Israelachvili, U Landman - Nature, 1995 - nature.com
Friction, wear and lubrication between materials in contact are of fundamental importance in
many pure and applied sciences. Owing to the development of experimental and computer …

Length-scale-dependent deformation mechanisms in incoherent metallic multilayered composites

A Misra, JP Hirth, RG Hoagland - Acta materialia, 2005 - Elsevier
Nano-indentation hardness as a function of bilayer period has been measured for sputter-
deposited Cu–Nb multilayers. For this face-centered cubic/body-centered cubic system with …

Phase imaging and stiffness in tapping-mode atomic force microscopy

SN Magonov, V Elings, MH Whangbo - Surface science, 1997 - Elsevier
The dependence of phase angles in tapping-mode atomic force microscopy on the
magnitude of tip-sample repulsive interactions was investigated, and phase images of …