The transport of polymers across nanoscale pores underpins many biological processes,
such as the ejection of bacteriophage DNA into a host cell and the transfer of genes …

Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the translocation of a polymer into a cavity.
Modeling the polymer as a hard-sphere chain with a length up to N= 601 monomers, we use …

Many viruses eject their DNA via a nanochannel in the viral shell, driven by internal forces
arising from the high-density genome packing. The speed of DNA exit is controlled by friction …

Polymer chains in various biological and material processes are subject to repetitive cycles
of packaging and ejection via small confinements. For example, a DNA is packaged into and …

Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the translocation of a polymer into and out of an
ellipsoidal cavity through a narrow pore. We measure the polymer free energy F as a …

The translocation of biopolymers, such as DNA and proteins, across cellular or nuclear
membranes is essential for numerous biological processes. The translocation dynamics are …

We present a general survey of experimental and theoretical observations of DNA structure
and in vitro ejection kinetics for different bacteriophage species. In some species, like T5, the …

While the dynamics of a fully flexible polymer ejecting a capsid through a nanopore has
been extensively studied, the ejection dynamics of semiflexible polymers has not been …

We compared four bacteriophage species, T5, λ, T7, and Φ29, to explore the possibilities of
DNA reorganization in the capsid where the chain is highly concentrated and confined. First …

The question of how stiff polymers are able to pack into small containers is particularly
relevant to the study of DNA packaging in viruses. A reduced version of the problem based …