A thorough understanding of the anatomy, physiology, and development of the spleen is
essential for determining the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning splenic …

Boyden's nomenclature, which was based on postmortem specimens and published in 1955
prior to the advent of computed tomography (CT), is commonly used to describe the normal …

Background—It is advocated that heterotaxy should be segregated into right or left
isomerism according to atrial appendage morphology. However, atrial situs determination is …

Persistent left-sided superior vena cava (PLSVC) is the commonest systemic venous
anomaly in the thorax with a reported prevalence of up to 0.5% in otherwise normal …

Background The accessory spleen is a congenital defect characterized by a separated
ectopic splenic parenchyma. The size is rarely more than 4 cm. The preoperative diagnosis …

The pattern of anatomical organization of the thoraco-abdominal visceral and vascular
structures which is not the expected normal arrangement, is called as situs ambiguous or …

So-called “heterotaxy” is a laterality defect characterized by isomerism of the thoracic organs
and random arrangement of the abdominal organs. These findings go beyond anatomic …

Gray-scale and color/power Doppler ultrasound (US) are the first-line imaging modalities to
evaluate the spleen, gallbladder and pancreas in children. The increasing use of contrast …

We present the imaging findings of thoracic systemic venous anomalies diagnosed by
computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Persistent left superior vena cava …

Splenic torsion is an unusual condition that results in congenital abnormality, especially in
the visceral abnormal arrangement. We report the case of an 8.5-year-old boy with features …