Trace metals are essential micronutrients required for survival across all kingdoms of life.
From bacteria to animals, metals have critical roles as both structural and catalytic cofactors …

Since the discovery of sickle cell disease (SCD) in 1910, enormous strides have been made
in the elucidation of the pathogenesis of its protean complications, which has inspired recent …

Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction that is caused by a dysregulated
host response to infection. In sepsis, the immune response that is initiated by an invading …

Iron is an essential micronutrient for virtually all living cells. In infectious diseases, both
invading pathogens and mammalian cells including those of the immune system require iron …

The control over iron availability is crucial under homeostatic conditions and even more in
the case of an infection. This results from diverse properties of iron: first, iron is an important …

Iron is critical for the appearance and maintenance of life on Earth. Almost all organisms
compete or cooperate for iron acquisition, demonstrating the importance of this essential …

Our goal is to present recent progress in understanding the biological mechanisms
underlying anemia from a public health perspective. We describe important advances in …

Abstract Heme oxygenase (HO)-1, the inducible isoform of the heme-degrading enzyme HO,
plays a critical role in inflammation and iron homeostasis. Regulatory functions of HO-1 are …

During hemolysis, erythrophagocytes dispose damaged red blood cells. This prevents the
extracellular release of hemoglobin, detoxifies heme, and recycles iron in a linked metabolic …

Macrophages are sentinel cells of the innate immune system and have important functions
in development, tissue homeostasis, and immunity. These phylogenetically ancient cells …