The first CT scanners in the early 1970s already used iterative reconstruction algorithms;
however, lack of computational power prevented their clinical use. In fact, it took until 2009 …

Over the last 60 years, soil microbiologists have accumulated a wealth of experimental data
showing that the bulk, macroscopic parameters (eg, granulometry, pH, soil organic matter …

Phase-contrast x-ray imaging (PCI) is an innovative method that is sensitive to the refraction
of the x-rays in matter. PCI is particularly adapted to visualize weakly absorbing details like …

X-ray imaging is a standard tool for the non-destructive inspection of the internal structure of
samples. It finds application in a vast diversity of fields: medicine, biology, many engineering …

Background X-ray dark-field radiography takes advantage of the wave properties of x-rays,
with a relatively high signal in the lungs due to the many air-tissue interfaces in the alveoli …

Innovations in CT have been impressive among imaging and medical technologies in both
the hardware and software domain. The range and speed of CT scanning improved from the …

Grating interferometer based imaging with X-rays and neutrons has proven to hold huge
potential for applications in key research fields conveying biology and medicine as well as …

X-ray phase imaging that uses the phenomena of X-ray refraction and scattering to generate
image contrast has the potential to overcome the drawback of conventional X-ray …

Novel radiography approaches based on the wave nature of x-rays when propagating
through matter have a great potential for improved future x-ray diagnostics in the clinics …

In early stages of various pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and fibrosis, the change
in X-ray attenuation is not detectable with absorption-based radiography. To monitor the …