Since the 1970s, solitary waves have commonly been used to model tsunamis especially in
experimental and mathematical studies. Unfortunately, the link to geophysical scales is not …

Fragility functions, as new measures for estimating structural damage and casualties due to
tsunami attack, are developed by an integrated approach using numerical modeling of …

This article reviews tsunami modeling and its relation to recent developments of deep-ocean
observations. Unlike near-coast observations, deep-ocean observations have enabled the …

Abstract The Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) was established by the
International Association of Geodesy (IAG) in July 2003. In April 2004 the IAG, represented …

Tsunami source of the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake was estimated from a joint
inversion of tsunami waveforms recorded on tide gauges and sea surface heights captured …

Ocean-bottom pressure gauges are widely used for tsunami observations due to their
established accuracy and stability. Recent advancements reveal that the magnetic field …

The devastating 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami stressed the need for assessing
tsunami hazard in vulnerable coastal areas. Numerical modeling is but one important tool for …

Ocean modellers use bathymetric datasets like ETOPO5 and ETOPO2 to represent the
ocean bottom topography. The former dataset is based on digitization of depth contours …

Near‐field coseismic perturbations of ionospheric total electron content (TEC), caused by
direct acoustic waves from focal regions, can be observed with Global Positioning System …

Earthquakes are accompanied with mass redistributions and cause changes in gravity field
and shape of geoid, an equipotential surface coincident with the mean sea surface. Such …