I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

The community of cells lining our airways plays a collaborative role in the preservation of
immune homeostasis in the lung and provides protection from the pathogens and pollutants …

Single-cell technologies have transformed our understanding of human tissues. Yet, studies
typically capture only a limited number of donors and disagree on cell type definitions …

Abstract Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and accessory proteases (TMPRSS2 and
CTSL) are needed for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) …

Immune memory is a defining feature of the acquired immune system, but activation of the
innate immune system can also result in enhanced responsiveness to subsequent triggers …

SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause severe respiratory COVID-19. However, many individuals
present with isolated upper respiratory symptoms, suggesting potential to constrain viral …

Our body has a remarkable ability to remember its past encounters with allergens,
pathogens, wounds and irritants, and to react more quickly to the next experience. This …

We provide a single-cell atlas of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a fatal interstitial lung
disease, by profiling 312,928 cells from 32 IPF, 28 smoker and nonsmoker controls, and 18 …

INTRODUCTION One fundamental property of the immune system is its ability to develop
memory of previous encounters, resulting in enhanced responsiveness to subsequent …

Human lungs enable efficient gas exchange and form an interface with the environment,
which depends on mucosal immunity for protection against infectious agents. Tightly …