Stress is a primary risk factor for several neuropsychiatric disorders. Evidence from
preclinical models and clinical studies of depression have revealed an array of structural …

Early adolescent substance use dramatically increases the risk of lifelong substance use
disorder (SUD). An adolescent sensitive period evolved to allow the development of risk …

The immediate and long-term effects of exposure to early life stress (ELS) have been
documented in humans and animal models. Even relatively brief periods of stress during the …

Childhood trauma and neglect influence emotional development and increase the risk for
and severity of mental illness. Women have a heightened susceptibility to the effects of early …

Adolescence is a time of significant neural and behavioral change with remarkable
development in social, emotional, and cognitive skills. It is also a time of increased …

Exposure to prolonged stress in critical developmental periods induces heightened
vulnerability to psychiatric disorders, which may have sex-specific consequences. Here we …

The accumulation of adverse events in utero and during childhood differentially increases
the vulnerability to psychiatric diseases in men and women. Gut microbiota is highly …

Animal studies over the past two decades have led to extensive advances in our
understanding of pathogenesis of depressive and mood disorders. Among these, rodent …

Stressful events in an early postnatal period have critical implications for the individual's life
and can increase later risk for psychiatric disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate …

Early life experiences play a vital role in contributing to healthy brain development. Adverse
experiences have a lasting impact on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and basolateral amygdala …