The microbiome plays a fundamental role in the maturation, function, and regulation of the
host-immune system from birth to old age. In return, the immune system has co-evolved a …

During the last years probiotics gained the attention of clinicians for their use in the
prevention and treatment of multiple diseases. Probiotics main mechanisms of action …

Abstract Scope In 2009, the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious
Diseases (ESCMID) published the first treatment guidance document for Clostridioides …

Empiric probiotics are commonly consumed by healthy individuals as means of life quality
improvement and disease prevention. However, evidence of probiotic gut mucosal …

Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction that is caused by a dysregulated
host response to infection. In sepsis, the immune response that is initiated by an invading …

Critically ill patients in intensive care units experience profound alterations of their gut
microbiota that have been linked to a high risk of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections …

Last few decades have witnessed the unprecedented growth in the application of probiotics
for promoting the general gut health as well as their inception as biotherapeutics to alleviate …

Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically
Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and American Society for Parenteral and …

Acute pancreatitis may be associated with both local and systemic complications. Systemic
injury manifests in the form of organ failure, which is seen in approximately 20% of all cases …

Consumption of over-the-counter probiotics for promotion of health and well-being has
increased worldwide in recent years. However, although probiotic use has been greatly …