Background Pre-treatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) may result in increased risk of
virological failure and acquisition of new resistance mutations. With recently increasing ART …

Background Despite the success in initiating adolescents living with HIV on antiretroviral
therapy (ART), questions remain about factors affecting viral suppression. In Kenya, only …

Background Emerging HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) could jeopardize the success of
standardized HIV management protocols in resource-limited settings. We characterized …

Background Pre-treatment HIV-drug-resistance (PDR) to WHO-recommended 1st-line non-
nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) is …

Objectives Real-world experience with coformulated bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir
alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) is sparse as a switch regimen among people living with HIV …

Background We aimed to assess if maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug
resistance is associated with an increased risk of HIV vertical transmission and to describe …

Background The HIV-1 epidemic in Ethiopia has been shown to be dominated by two
phylogenetically distinct subtype C clades, the Ethiopian (C'-ET) and East African (C-EA) …

Background: Emerging HIV drug resistance caused by increased usage of antiretroviral
drugs (ARV) could jeopardize the success of standardized HIV management protocols in …

Objectives: Among women initiating first-line nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor
(NNRTI)-based-ART with and without a history of single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) with or …

Background: After the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infected people,
increasing numbers of patients have pretreatment drug resistance (PDR). In this study, the …