Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus are critical macroelements in freshwater systems.
Historically, researchers and managers have focused on inorganic forms, based on the …

Cyanobacteria evolved the oxygenic photosynthesis to generate organic matter from CO 2
and sunlight, and they were responsible for the production of oxygen in the Earth's …

Preventing harmful algal blooms (HABs) is needed to protect lakes and downstream
ecosystems. Traditionally, reducing phosphorus (P) inputs was the prescribed solution for …

Annual cyanobacterial blooms dominated by Microcystis have occurred in western Lake Erie
(US/Canada) during summer months since 1995. The production of toxins by bloom-forming …

Blooms of the toxin-producing cyanobacterium Microcystis are increasing globally, leading
to the loss of ecosystem services, threats to human health, as well as the deaths of pets and …

The toxin-producing, bloom-forming cyanobacterial genera Microcystis and Planktothrix
require fixed nitrogen (N), such as nitrate, ammonium, or organic N (eg, urea) for growth and …

Abstract Western Lake Erie (WLE) experiences anthropogenic eutrophication and annual,
toxic cyanobacterial blooms of non-nitrogen (N) fixing Microcystis. Numerous studies have …

The use of urea as a nitrogenous fertilizer has increased over the past two decades, with
urea itself being readily detected at high concentrations in many lakes. Urea has been …

The frequent occurrence of microcystins (MCs) has caused a series of water security issues
worldwide. Although MC pollution in natural waters of China has been reported, a …

Cyanobacteria are widely-diverse prokaryotes that colonize our planet. They use solar
energy to assimilate huge amounts of atmospheric CO2 and produce a large part of the …