In recent decades, agricultural intensification has led to a loss of biodiversity and associated
ecosystem services such as natural pest control. Conservation biological control addresses …

Background and aims Hostile soil conditions have a global impact on crop production. While
root traits of individual plant species adapted to specific hostile soils are well studied, a …

Despite the potential of diversification strategies to achieve sustainability, diversified
systems such as agroforestry are still not widely implemented by farmers, which indicates …

Abstract The Riparian Ecological Infrastructure (REI) is defined by the ensemble of natural
and semi-natural woody and herbaceous vegetation patches located contiguously to water …

Trophic cascades among plants, herbivores, and natural enemies can be affected by
agriculture planting shifts from complex (polyculture) to simple (intensive). Yet, the …

Modern agriculture has been focused on optimizing production, neglecting supporting and
regulating ecosystem services. Meta-analyses have demonstrated the potential of …

Currently, farmers who are not certified according to organic certification schemes are
considered to be conventional farmers. Discussions in the farming sector reveal a view that …

Plant secondary metabolites are crucial in affecting the interactions between insect
herbivores and entomoviruses. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the impact of …

Plant invasions threaten native biodiversity, but detailed information on patterns and
mechanisms of diversity changes across multitrophic levels remains unknown. Alien plants …

Previously, the soil ecosystem acting as habitat and food resource for soil organisms and the
living soil and its wide variety of groups were introduced. This chapter will introduce the …