Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established and effective treatment for patients with
advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), yet its underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a global burden
that affects more often in the elderly. The basal ganglia (BG) is believed to account for …

The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a locomotor command area containing
glutamatergic neurons that control locomotor initiation and maintenance. These motor …

Motor behaviors are often planned long before execution but only released after specific
sensory events. Planning and execution are each associated with distinct patterns of motor …

INTRODUCTION Degeneration of cortical cholinergic projections from the nucleus basalis of
Meynert (NBM) is characteristic of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's …

In Parkinson's disease (PD), GBA1-and LRRK2-mutations are associated with different
clinical phenotypes which might be related to differential involvement of the cholinergic …

Extrapyramidal movement disorders include hypokinetic rigid and hyperkinetic or mixed
forms, most of them originating from dysfunction of the basal ganglia (BG) and their …

Acetylcholine modulates responses throughout the auditory system, including at the earliest
brain level, the cochlear nucleus (CN). Previous studies have shown multiple sources of …

Background The neural mechanisms underlying sevoflurane-induced loss of consciousness
and recovery of consciousness after anaesthesia remain unknown. We investigated whether …

The subthalamic nucleus (STN), substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), and
pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) are reciprocally connected brain regions that …