Fossil fuel reserve depletion and environmental concerns have spurred substantial research
to find alternative energy sources. Bio-oil derived from biomass pyrolysis has great potential …

There is an urgent need to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions, yet to date the
decarbonization of the transportation industry has been slow and of particular difficulty …

In this study, molybdenum nitride-bentonite was successfully employed for the reaction of
hydrocracking of palm oil to produce a bio-gasoline and bio-aviation fuel. The prepared …

The synthesis of a sulfated zirconia catalyst and its modification with Ni metal was carried
out and applied in the hydrocracking of waste cooking oil into biogasoline. The SO 4/ZrO 2 …

Three types of activated carbon from coconut wood sawdust waste were prepared using
microwave carbonization followed by microwave activation, which was coded CWMM, while …

The use of metal-loaded zeolites in hydrocracking waste plastics is gaining attention due to
their improved catalytic activity, enabling sustainable upcycling. However, the microporous …

Biodiesel, an environmentally friendly fuel, has been developed as a renewable fuel. It is
accomplished through either a transesterification reaction with a base catalyst or a two-step …

Zirconium (ZrO2) was synthesized from Zirconium Oxychloride (ZrOCl2. 8H2O) using
hydrothermal method. Modification of ZrO2 as an acid catalyst (SO4/ZrO2) was made by …

Friedel–Crafts (FC) acylation of aromatic compounds is considered one of the essential and
valuable reactions in organic synthesis. The present study offers a recyclable eco-friendly …

Human efforts to overcome environmental problems from using fossil fuels continue, such as
hydroconversion of biomass into bio-jet fuel. Research on producing a jet fuel range of bio …