Fluctuating asymmetry consists of random deviations from perfect symmetry in populations
of organisms. It is a measure of developmental noise, which reflects a population's average …

This paper addresses changes in plant gene expression induced by inoculation with plant-
growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). A gnotobiotic system was established with …

Background All plants in nature harbor a diverse community of rhizosphere bacteria which
can affect the plant growth. Our samples are isolated from the rhizosphere of wild barley …

The present paper reviews the state of cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare, in Old World
agriculture and its domestication through its progenitor, wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum. It …

Divergent selection of populations in contrasting environments leads to functional genomic
divergence. However, the genomic architecture underlying heterogeneous genomic …

Background Adaptation is an evolutionary process in which traits in a population are tailored
by natural selection to better meet the challenges presented by the local environment. The …

Paleogenomic research can elucidate the evolutionary history of human and faunal
populations. Although the Levant is a key land-bridge between Africa and Eurasia, thus far …

Climatic change and stress is a major driving force of evolution. The effects of climate
change on living organisms have been shown primarily on regional and global scales. Here …

In plants, the mechanism for ecological sympatric speciation (SS) is little known. Here, after
ruling out the possibility of secondary contact, we show that wild emmer wheat, at the …

Environmental stress has played a major role in the evolution of living organisms (Hoffman
AA, Parsons PA. 1991. Evolutionary genetics and environmental stress. Oxford: Oxford …