Tezepelumab is the sixth biologic approved for severe asthma. Interestingly, the five already
approved demonstrated clinical improvement in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is caused by the inhalation of noxious particles such
as cigarette smoke. The pathophysiological features include airway inflammation, alveolar …

Purpose Tezepelumab, a human monoclonal antibody, blocks thymic stromal lymphopoietin.
In the phase 3 NAVIGATOR study (NCT03347279), tezepelumab reduced annualized …

Background Nasal epithelial cells are important regulators of barrier function and immune
signaling; however, in allergic rhinitis (AR) these functions can be disrupted by inflammatory …

Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an important risk factor for the development of asthma.
The “unified airway” theory considers the upper and lower airways as a morphological and …

Simple Summary Type 2 cystatins are a group of small secreted protease inhibitors that
regulate cysteine protease cathepsins and legumain. These enzymes regulate important …

Purpose Epithelial cystatin SN (CST1), a type 2 cysteine protease inhibitor, was significantly
upregulated in asthma. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role and …

Background Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children with an increasing
prevalence. Its development is caused by genetic and environmental factors and allergic …

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the paranasal sinuses
which represents a significant health burden due to its widespread prevalence and impact …

The pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is multifactorial and not entirely clear.
The objective of the review was to examine the current state of knowledge concerning the …