Importance Black youth in the US experience disproportionate contact with police even
when accounting for criminal or delinquent behavior, which some experts say is fueled by …

An estimated 61.5 million Americans encounter police annually and more than one million
are threatened or subjected to police use of force during these encounters. Much research …

We use data on police-involved deaths to estimate how the risk of being killed by police use
of force in the United States varies across social groups. We estimate the lifetime and age …

Existing research shows that distrust of the police is widespread and consequential for
public safety. However, there is a shortage of interventions that demonstrably reduce …

This paper shows that racial composition shocks during the Great Migration (1940–1970)
reduced the gains from growing up in the northern United States for Black families and can …

Abstract Nearly 1,000 officer-involved killings occur each year in the United States. This
article documents the large, racially disparate effects of these events on the educational and …

The mission of policing is “to protect and serve,” but recent events suggest that many
Americans, and especially Black Americans, do not feel protected from the police …

Given the historically contentious relationship–including most notably the use of excessive
and lethal force–between the police and African Americans, the current project examines the …

Objectives. To assess police contact as a potential adverse childhood experience by
measuring its prevalence, nature, and distribution among urban adolescents. Methods …

This article examines developments in the 'smart classroom'as a new frontier for the
university. It provides a conceptual map of the scope and limitations of smart classrooms …