The review provides a comprehensive update (previous report: Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di
Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, et al. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an ideal technique for non-invasively stimulating
the brain and assessing intracortical processes. By delivering electrical stimuli to a …

Recent studies have reported that acute aerobic exercise modulates intracortical excitability
in the primary motor cortex (M1). However, whether acute low-intensity aerobic exercise can …

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a prototypical basal ganglia disorder. Nigrostriatal
dopaminergic denervation leads to progressive dysfunction of the cortico-basal ganglia …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paired with nerve stimulation evokes short-latency
afferent inhibition (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI), which are non-invasive …

Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI) occur when
the motor evoked potential (MEP) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is …

Trial-and-error motor adaptation has been linked to somatosensory plasticity and shifts in
proprioception (limb position sense). The role of sensory processing in motor skill learning is …

Evidence indicates attention can alter afferent inhibition, a Transcranial Magnetic
Stimulation (TMS) evoked measure of cortical inhibition following somatosensory input …

Somatosensory signals play roles in the fine control of dexterous movements through a
somatosensory–motor integration mechanism. While skilled individuals are typically …

Afferent inputs to the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) are differentially processed during
precision and power grip in humans. However, it remains unclear how S1 interacts with the …