Main In recent years, substantial advances in social neuroscience have been realized,
including the generation of numerous rodent models of autism spectrum disorder. Still, it can …

The measurement of pain in animals is surprisingly complex, and remains a critical issue in
veterinary care and biomedical research. Based on the known utility of pain measurement …

We previously quantified frailty in aged mice with frailty index (FI) that used specialized
equipment to measure health parameters. Here we developed a simplified, noninvasive …

Sensory systems for detecting tactile stimuli have evolved from touch-sensing nerves in
invertebrates to complicated tactile end organs in mammals. Merkel discs are tactile end …

The primary objective of preclinical pain research is to improve the treatment of pain.
Decades of research using pain-evoked tests has revealed much about mechanisms but …

Management of pain in sheep is limited by the challenges of recognising and accurately
quantifying pain in this species. The use of facial expression scoring to assess pain is a well …

Emotion recognition represents the ability to encode an ensemble of sensory stimuli
providing information about the emotional state of another individual. This ability is not …

Animal welfare is a key issue for industries that use or impact upon animals. The accurate
identification of welfare states is particularly relevant to the field of bioscience, where the …

While neurosurgical interventions are frequently used in laboratory mice, refinement efforts
to optimize analgesic management based on multimodal approaches appear to be rather …

Many piglets are exposed to potentially painful husbandry procedures within the first week of
life, including tail docking and castration, without the provision of either anesthesia or …