The hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis represents a complex neuroendocrine
feedback loop controlling the secretion of adrenal glucocorticoid hormones. Central to its …

Many enzymes catalyse reactions that have an oestrogen as a substrate and/or a product.
The reactions catalysed include aromatisation, oxidation, reduction, sulfonation …

17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSDs) are oxidoreductases, which play a key
role in estrogen and androgen steroid metabolism by catalyzing final steps of the steroid …

Estrogens have numerous effects on the brain, both in adulthood and during development.
These actions of estrogen are mediated by two distinct estrogen receptor (ER) systems, ER …

17beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17beta-HSDs) are important enzymes in steroid
metabolism. Long known members of the protein family seemed to be well characterised …

Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and androgen receptor (AR) are found in high levels within
populations of neurons in the hypothalamus. To determine whether AR or ERβ plays a role …

The complexity of gonadal steroid hormone actions is reflected in their broad and diverse
effects on a host of integrated systems including reproductive physiology, sexual behavior …

17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSDs) belong to the family of short chain
dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) and aldoketo-reductases (AKRs). Some of the …

Breast cancer is a major cause of death in Western women, with a 10% lifetime risk of the
disease. Most breast cancers are estrogen-dependent. Molecular therapies for breast …

Advanced medullary thyroid cancers (MTCs) are now being treated with drugs that inhibit
receptor tyrosine kinases, many of which involved in angiogenesis. Response rates vary …