This study explores the environmental and economic implications of Internal Combustion
Engine (ICE) vehicles, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles …

The demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has significantly increased in recent years, but it
represents only a tiny percentage of the total new vehicles sold globally. In 2021, the total …

Emissions from vehicles are a major contributor to greenhouse gases, and thus climate
change. Electric vehicles (EVs) provide a promising solution to deal with this problem. Even …

Transitioning to electric motorcycles (EMs) can reduce dependence on carbon-based fuels,
mitigate air pollution, and lower greenhouse gas emissions in countries where motorcycles …

Electrification of the transport sector is expanding in both developing and developed
countries in response to air pollution and climate change. Indonesia, the world's 10th …

Indonesia is the top three global motorcycle market, contributing to the high CO2 emissions.
Electric motorcycles (EMs) are an effective way to reduce CO2 emissions. This study …

Generally, electric vehicles (EVs) are viewed as an innovation contributing to address
environmental concern and energy exhaustion caused by excessive motorized driving …

Many benefits follow from the use of Electric Vehicles (EVs) to replace fossil fuel-based
vehicles (FVs), ie, improved transportation energy efficiency, reduced carbon and noise …

Indonesia's economic sector continues to rely on carbon-emitting fossil fuels. The
government is speeding up electrification by encouraging people to switch from traditional to …

Abstract The Agats District, a remote region in Papua, Indonesia, faces the daunting
challenge of developing sustainable and efficient transportation systems due to its unique …