Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate‐limiting enzyme in the synthesis of the catecholamines
dopamine, noradrenaline and adrenaline. One of the major mechanisms for controlling the …

As a major eukaryotic cell clearing machinery, autophagy grants cell proteostasis, which is
key for neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal survival. In line with this …

Background Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental illnesses in the US and are
estimated to consume one-third of the country's mental health treatment cost. Although …

Dopamine's ability to oxidize to aminochrome explains why this molecule may be a
neurotoxic compound that induces toxicity in both cell lines and animal models …

Autophagy (ATG) and the Ubiquitin Proteasome (UP) are the main clearing systems of
eukaryotic cells, in that being ultimately involved in degrading damaged and potentially …

The catecholamine-containing brainstem nuclei locus coeruleus (LC) and ventral tegmental
area (VTA) are critically involved in stress responses. Alterations of catecholamine systems …

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a multi‐domain, homo‐oligomeric enzyme that catalyses the
rate‐limiting step of catecholamine neurotransmitter biosynthesis. Missense variants of …

Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catalyzes the conversion of l-tyrosine into l-DOPA, which is the
rate-limiting step in the synthesis of catecholamines, such as dopamine, in dopaminergergic …

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the US and are estimated to
consume one-third of the country's mental health spending. Although anxiolytic therapies …

Recent studies show that pathogenic variants in DNAJC12, a co‐chaperone for monoamine
synthesis, may cause mild hyperphenylalaninemia with infantile dystonia, young‐onset …