The research field of photonic crystals (PhCs) remains active on a global scale. PhCs, which
are periodic optical nanostructures with the characteristics of excellent light field …

We propose a photonic crystal-based all-optical AND, OR, and XOR logic gates using
square lattice silicon rods with air background. The design of proposed logic gates works on …

This comprehensive review investigates the diverse landscape of blood component
detection through the one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and photonic crystal fiber …

Through this work, an all-optical 2​×​ 1 multiplexer (MUX) is realized for optical networking
and optical signal processing using two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides. The …

All-optical photonic integrated devices have gained great attention in the field of optical
computing and large-scale integration. All-optical logic gates are useful for optical signal …

The performance of an ultra-compact all-optical D flip-flop using photonic crystal
waveguides is numerically analyzed and examined by optimized parameters such as …

An ultra-compact all-optical AND logic gate is realized using two-dimensional photonic
crystal waveguides. These circuits are implemented on a photonic crystal substrate in an …

All-optical half-adder and half-subtractor circuits are implemented through using metal–
insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide utilizing a footprint of 66 μm2. The linear interference …

In this paper, a compact optical high-speed 1-bit comparator is proposed based on photonic
crystals. In this structure, the nonlinear rods are used at the cross-connecting point of two …

All-optical logic gates have extraordinary application in ultra-high-speed Boolean operation
and logical computation. All-optical logic gates like XOR, OR, and NOT using metal …