Besides protection against specific microorganisms, vaccines can induce heterologous or
non-specific effects (NSE). Epidemiological data suggest that vaccination with live …

A number of new tuberculosis (TB) vaccines have been or are entering clinical trials, which
include genetically modified mycobacteria, mycobacterial antigens delivered by viral …

Background: The persistently high prevalence of allergic diseases in Western industrial
nations and the limited possibilities of causal therapy make evidence-based …

Background Trials done in infants with low birthweight in west Africa suggest that BCG
vaccination reduces all-cause mortality in the neonatal period, probably because of …

Background BCG vaccine may reduce overall mortality by increasing resistance to
nontuberculosis infections. In 2 randomized trials in Guinea-Bissau of early BCG-Denmark …

Highlights•Trained immunity is induced in a variety of innate immune cell types.•Central and
peripheral trained immunity underlies the long-term effects of innate immunity.•Metabolic …

The textbook view of vaccination is that it functions to induce immune memory of the specific
pathogen components of the vaccine, leading to a quantitatively and qualitatively better …

Immunisation of the newborn represents a key global strategy in overcoming morbidity and
mortality due to infection in early life. Potential limitations, however, include poor …

Non-specific effects (NSE) or heterologous effects of vaccines are proposed to explain
observations in some studies that certain vaccines have an impact beyond the direct …

Epidemiological studies regarding many successful vaccines suggest that vaccination may
lead to a reduction in child mortality and morbidity worldwide, on a grander scale than is …