Context Mounting evidence suggests that the origins of childhood obesity and related
disparities can be found as early as the “first 1,000 days”—the period from conception to age …

Background By 2020, it is predicted that 60 million children worldwide will be overweight.
Maternal smoking in pregnancy has been suggested as a contributing factor. Our objective …

Smoking continues to be the leading cause of preventable death in the USA, despite the
vast and widely publicized knowledge about the negative health effects of tobacco smoking …

Objectives: Identify the etiologies of fetal growth restriction. Assess the criteria for fetal
growth restriction. Implement the appropriate management for fetal growth restriction. Apply …

Maternal mental disorders during pregnancy are associated with a range of adverse health
outcomes for offspring. This systematic review examines studies reporting on the …

Maternal mental disorders over pregnancy show a clear influence on child development.
This review is focused on the possible mechanisms by which maternal mental disorders …

Background Conventional cigarette (CC) smoking is one of the most preventable causes of
adverse birth outcomes. Although electronic cigarettes (ECs) are considered to be safer than …

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of reported smoking cessation at various time points
during pregnancy with fetal growth restriction. METHODS: This was a population-based …

Background: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) is an ongoing nationwide
birth cohort study launched in January 2011. In this progress report, we present data …

Background Maternal smoking is still a major public health problem posing the risk of
several negative health outcomes for both the pregnant woman and her offspring. The …